The main spartan weapon was a spear around 7-9 feet long called a Doru. The Doru had a leaf shaped spear head on the business end, and a spike on the other end. The spike was called a "lizard killer", it could be used to stand the spear up by planting it in the ground, or it can be used to finish off enemies. Spartan warriors also carried a short sword called the xiphos, it was used a secondary weapon and in the crush of battle when only a short sword could be used effectively. The blade of xiphos was about 2 feet long. the blade was shaped like a long leaf and could be used for slashing; however they were usually used for stabbing. Another secondary weapon available was the kopis, a short sword with a heavy curved blade that could be used for hacking away at enemies.  Even though it had a point that could be used for stabbing, the weapon was designed to be used almost like a hatchet. The result of the use of this weapon were gruesome, giving it a reputation as a "bad guy" weapon. The blade of the kopis was only 1-1/2 feet long, making it easier to use in tight places. In the art of Sparta's arch rival, Athens, spartan warriors are often depicted using the kopis.
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spear
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xiphos short sword
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kopis short sword